Journal of Economics and Development Studies

The Comparison of the Two Intellectual Youth Movements to the Countryside in New China
Keren Sun, Guangfen Zhang, Hua Fang

Abstract
This paper makes a comparison of the two intellectual youth movement to the countryside in New China. The comparison focuses on different backgrounds of the two movements, different goals of the two movements, different paths of the two movements and different characteristics of the two movement. The argument draws the following conclusions: (1) the background of the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside is that the foreign political and economic ties of New China have been cut off by the western developed countries, the background of the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside and the background of the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside are completely different, When China begins its second intellectual youth movement to the countryside, China has entered the era of reform and opening up, and has been fully accepted by the world; (2) The goal of the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside is to solve the employment problem of urban youth, the goal of the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside is to promote the economic development in rural areas and narrow the development gap between urban and rural China; (3) The path of the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside was organized and implemented by Chinese government, a large number of urban educated youth have left the city on a large scale, to settle down and work in the vast countryside, therefore, the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside has a certain degree of coercion characteristics, the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside is guided by Chinese government, but the behavior of the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside is voluntary and driven by interest and idealistic motives; (4) The scale and impetus of the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside are large, but its duration is short, and the scale and impetus of the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside are small, but its duration will be much longer, perhaps the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside will be a Normand will last forever; (5) The economic model supporting the first intellectual youth movement to the countryside is actually the reverse application of Lewis dual economic model and the reverse flow of labor force, the economic model supporting the second intellectual youth movement to the countryside actually conforms to the general model of international capital flows, i.e. McDougall Model, in which capital flows from areas where capital is rich to areas where capital is scarce.

Full Text: PDF     DOI: 10.15640/jeds.v12n1a2